Fourth generation Solar cells based on ‘inorganics-in-organics’, offers improved power conversion efficiency to current 3G Solar Cells, while maintaining their low cost base. The 4G solar cells defined as the low cost and flexibility of conducting polymer films (organic) with the lifetime stability of novel nanostructures (inorganic) (see figure).Incorporation of active inorganic nanomaterials improves the harvesting of solar energy and the manipulation of electrical charges within these 4G solar cells, enhancing efficiency and lifetime stability.
First Generation Solar cells based on crystalline silicon and 2G polycrystalline silicon dominate the current market, with close to 90% of the entire generating capacity of solar electricity, which has now topped 100GW.
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